Naphthalenes

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds that consist of ten carbon atoms and eight hydrogen atoms fused into two benzene rings; it is the simplest polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon.

1 – 15 of 384 results

1-Naphthol, 99%

CAS: 90-15-3 Molecular Formula: C10H8O Molecular Weight (g/mol): 144.173 MDL Number: MFCD00003930 InChI Key: KJCVRFUGPWSIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: 1-naphthol,1-naphthalenol,alpha-naphthol,1-hydroxynaphthalene,naphthol,fouramine ern,fourrine ern,tertral ern,furro er,basf ursol ern PubChem CID: 7005 ChEBI: CHEBI:10319 IUPAC Name: naphthalen-1-ol SMILES: C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C=CC=C2O

Pricing and Availability
Specifications

PubChem CID	7005
CAS	90-15-3
Molecular Weight (g/mol)	144.173
ChEBI	CHEBI:10319
MDL Number	MFCD00003930
SMILES	C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C=CC=C2O
Synonym	1-naphthol,1-naphthalenol,alpha-naphthol,1-hydroxynaphthalene,naphthol,fouramine ern,fourrine ern,tertral ern,furro er,basf ursol ern
IUPAC Name	naphthalen-1-ol
InChI Key	KJCVRFUGPWSIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Molecular Formula	C10H8O

8-Bromo-1-naphthoic acid, Technical Grade, Maybridge™

CAS: 1729-99-3 Molecular Formula: C11H7BrO2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 251.079 InChI Key: DMEZDDHJCUHENA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: 8-bromo-1-naphthoic acid,1-naphthalenecarboxylic acid, 8-bromo,maybridge1_002138,8-bromo-1-carboxynaphthalene,8-bromo-1-naphthalenecarboxylic acid,1-naphthalenecarboxylicacid, 8-bromo,8-bromo-naphthalene-1-carboxylic acid PubChem CID: 72873 IUPAC Name: 8-bromonaphthalene-1-carboxylic acid SMILES: C1=CC2=C(C(=C1)C(=O)O)C(=CC=C2)Br

Pricing and Availability
Specifications

PubChem CID	72873
CAS	1729-99-3
Molecular Weight (g/mol)	251.079
SMILES	C1=CC2=C(C(=C1)C(=O)O)C(=CC=C2)Br
Synonym	8-bromo-1-naphthoic acid,1-naphthalenecarboxylic acid, 8-bromo,maybridge1_002138,8-bromo-1-carboxynaphthalene,8-bromo-1-naphthalenecarboxylic acid,1-naphthalenecarboxylicacid, 8-bromo,8-bromo-naphthalene-1-carboxylic acid
IUPAC Name	8-bromonaphthalene-1-carboxylic acid
InChI Key	DMEZDDHJCUHENA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Molecular Formula	C11H7BrO2

4-Amino-3-hydroxy-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid, 99%

CAS: 116-63-2 Molecular Formula: C10H9NO4S Molecular Weight (g/mol): 239.245 MDL Number: MFCD00004019 InChI Key: RXCMFQDTWCCLBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: 1-amino-2-naphthol-4-sulfonic acid,4-amino-3-hydroxy-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid,1-amino-4-sulfo-2-naphthol,1,2,4-acid,unii-w46sk3p33g,1-naphthalenesulfonic acid, 4-amino-3-hydroxy,4-amino-3-hydroxynaphthalene-1-sulphonic acid,4-amino-3-hydroxynaphthalenesulfonic acid,1,2,4-aminonaphtholsulfonic acid,2-hydroxy-4-sulfo-1-naphthylamine PubChem CID: 8316 ChEBI: CHEBI:19024 IUPAC Name: 4-amino-3-hydroxynaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid SMILES: C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=CC(=C2N)O)S(=O)(=O)O

Pricing and Availability
Specifications

PubChem CID	8316
CAS	116-63-2
Molecular Weight (g/mol)	239.245
ChEBI	CHEBI:19024
MDL Number	MFCD00004019
SMILES	C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=CC(=C2N)O)S(=O)(=O)O
Synonym	1-amino-2-naphthol-4-sulfonic acid,4-amino-3-hydroxy-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid,1-amino-4-sulfo-2-naphthol,1,2,4-acid,unii-w46sk3p33g,1-naphthalenesulfonic acid, 4-amino-3-hydroxy,4-amino-3-hydroxynaphthalene-1-sulphonic acid,4-amino-3-hydroxynaphthalenesulfonic acid,1,2,4-aminonaphtholsulfonic acid,2-hydroxy-4-sulfo-1-naphthylamine
IUPAC Name	4-amino-3-hydroxynaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid
InChI Key	RXCMFQDTWCCLBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Molecular Formula	C10H9NO4S

3-Amino-2-naphthol, 97%

CAS: 5417-63-0 Molecular Formula: C10H9NO Molecular Weight (g/mol): 159.188 MDL Number: MFCD00004113 InChI Key: ZHVPTERSBUMMHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: 3-amino-2-naphthol,2-naphthalenol, 3-amino,2-amino-3-naphthol,3-amino-2-hydroxynaphthalene,2-naphthol, 3-amino,2-amino-3-hydroxynaphthalene,unii-29bke27d17,3-amino-naphthalen-2-ol,acmc-209ldx,3-amino-2-naphthalenol PubChem CID: 79449 IUPAC Name: 3-aminonaphthalen-2-ol SMILES: C1=CC=C2C=C(C(=CC2=C1)N)O

Pricing and Availability
Specifications

PubChem CID	79449
CAS	5417-63-0
Molecular Weight (g/mol)	159.188
MDL Number	MFCD00004113
SMILES	C1=CC=C2C=C(C(=CC2=C1)N)O
Synonym	3-amino-2-naphthol,2-naphthalenol, 3-amino,2-amino-3-naphthol,3-amino-2-hydroxynaphthalene,2-naphthol, 3-amino,2-amino-3-hydroxynaphthalene,unii-29bke27d17,3-amino-naphthalen-2-ol,acmc-209ldx,3-amino-2-naphthalenol
IUPAC Name	3-aminonaphthalen-2-ol
InChI Key	ZHVPTERSBUMMHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Molecular Formula	C10H9NO

2-Aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid, 97%

CAS: 81-16-3 Molecular Formula: C10H9NO3S Molecular Weight (g/mol): 223.246 MDL Number: MFCD00003988 InChI Key: GWIAAIUASRVOIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: tobias acid,2-amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid,2-naphthylamine-1-sulfonic acid,1-naphthalenesulfonic acid, 2-amino,kyselina tobiasova,unii-f9qkw1fce0,kyselina 2-naftylamin-1-sulfonova,kyselina tobiasova czech,ccris 9048,2-aminonaphthalene-1-sulphonic acid PubChem CID: 6670 IUPAC Name: 2-aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid SMILES: C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C=CC(=C2S(=O)(=O)O)N

Pricing and Availability
Specifications

PubChem CID	6670
CAS	81-16-3
Molecular Weight (g/mol)	223.246
MDL Number	MFCD00003988
SMILES	C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C=CC(=C2S(=O)(=O)O)N
Synonym	tobias acid,2-amino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid,2-naphthylamine-1-sulfonic acid,1-naphthalenesulfonic acid, 2-amino,kyselina tobiasova,unii-f9qkw1fce0,kyselina 2-naftylamin-1-sulfonova,kyselina tobiasova czech,ccris 9048,2-aminonaphthalene-1-sulphonic acid
IUPAC Name	2-aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid
InChI Key	GWIAAIUASRVOIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Molecular Formula	C10H9NO3S

6-Bromo-2-naphthol, 97%

CAS: 15231-91-1 Molecular Formula: C10H7BrO Molecular Weight (g/mol): 223.069 MDL Number: MFCD00004081 InChI Key: YLDFTMJPQJXGSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: 6-bromo-2-naphthol,2-naphthalenol, 6-bromo,6-bromo-naphthalen-2-ol,6-bromo-2-naphthalenol,bromo-6 naphtol-2,6-bromo2-hydroxynaphthalene,unii-87f10ahz3o,bromo-6 naphtol-2 french,2-naphthol, 6-bromo,6-bromo-beta-naphthol PubChem CID: 27144 ChEBI: CHEBI:34466 IUPAC Name: 6-bromonaphthalen-2-ol SMILES: C1=CC2=C(C=CC(=C2)Br)C=C1O

Pricing and Availability
Specifications

PubChem CID	27144
CAS	15231-91-1
Molecular Weight (g/mol)	223.069
ChEBI	CHEBI:34466
MDL Number	MFCD00004081
SMILES	C1=CC2=C(C=CC(=C2)Br)C=C1O
Synonym	6-bromo-2-naphthol,2-naphthalenol, 6-bromo,6-bromo-naphthalen-2-ol,6-bromo-2-naphthalenol,bromo-6 naphtol-2,6-bromo2-hydroxynaphthalene,unii-87f10ahz3o,bromo-6 naphtol-2 french,2-naphthol, 6-bromo,6-bromo-beta-naphthol
IUPAC Name	6-bromonaphthalen-2-ol
InChI Key	YLDFTMJPQJXGSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Molecular Formula	C10H7BrO

Naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid sodium salt, 98% (dry wt.), water <3.5%

CAS: 130-14-3 Molecular Formula: C10H7NaO3S Molecular Weight (g/mol): 230.213 MDL Number: MFCD00064964 InChI Key: HIEHAIZHJZLEPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Synonym: sodium 1-naphthalenesulfonate,sodium naphthalene-1-sulfonate,1-naphthalenesulfonic acid sodium salt,unii-mai7v3c3pn,sodium naphthalenesulphonate,sodium naphthalene sulfonate,1-naphthalenesulfonic acid, sodium salt,alpha salt,sodium alpha-naphthalenesulfonate,mai7v3c3pn PubChem CID: 23661867 IUPAC Name: sodium;naphthalene-1-sulfonate SMILES: C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C=CC=C2S(=O)(=O)[O-].[Na+]

Pricing and Availability
Specifications

PubChem CID	23661867
CAS	130-14-3
Molecular Weight (g/mol)	230.213
MDL Number	MFCD00064964
SMILES	C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C=CC=C2S(=O)(=O)[O-].[Na+]
Synonym	sodium 1-naphthalenesulfonate,sodium naphthalene-1-sulfonate,1-naphthalenesulfonic acid sodium salt,unii-mai7v3c3pn,sodium naphthalenesulphonate,sodium naphthalene sulfonate,1-naphthalenesulfonic acid, sodium salt,alpha salt,sodium alpha-naphthalenesulfonate,mai7v3c3pn
IUPAC Name	sodium;naphthalene-1-sulfonate
InChI Key	HIEHAIZHJZLEPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M
Molecular Formula	C10H7NaO3S

2,3-Dichloro-1,4-naphthoquinone, 98%

CAS: 117-80-6 Molecular Formula: C10H4Cl2O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 227.04 MDL Number: MFCD00001677 InChI Key: SVPKNMBRVBMTLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: 2,3-dichloro-1,4-naphthoquinone,dichlone,diclone,2,3-dichloronaphthoquinone,phygon,algistat,sanquinon,uniroyal,phygon paste,dichloronaphthoquinone PubChem CID: 8342 SMILES: ClC1=C(Cl)C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2C1=O

Pricing and Availability
Specifications

PubChem CID	8342
CAS	117-80-6
Molecular Weight (g/mol)	227.04
MDL Number	MFCD00001677
SMILES	ClC1=C(Cl)C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2C1=O
Synonym	2,3-dichloro-1,4-naphthoquinone,dichlone,diclone,2,3-dichloronaphthoquinone,phygon,algistat,sanquinon,uniroyal,phygon paste,dichloronaphthoquinone
InChI Key	SVPKNMBRVBMTLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Molecular Formula	C10H4Cl2O2

4-Amino-1-naphthol hydrochloride, tech. 90%

CAS: 5959-56-8 Molecular Formula: C10H10ClNO Molecular Weight (g/mol): 195.646 MDL Number: MFCD00012562 InChI Key: FDBQTRARWCKEJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: 4-amino-1-naphthol hydrochloride,4-aminonaphthalen-1-ol hydrochloride,1-amino-4-naphthol hydrochloride,1-naphthalenol, 4-amino-, hydrochloride,4-amino-1-naphtholhydrochloride,4-aminonaphthol, chloride,pcmd-cc-pab-253,1-naphthalenol, 4-amino-, hydrochloride 1:1,acmc-1aogt,4-amino-1-naphthol . hcl PubChem CID: 2723858 IUPAC Name: 4-aminonaphthalen-1-ol;hydrochloride SMILES: C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=CC=C2O)N.Cl

Pricing and Availability
Specifications

PubChem CID	2723858
CAS	5959-56-8
Molecular Weight (g/mol)	195.646
MDL Number	MFCD00012562
SMILES	C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=CC=C2O)N.Cl
Synonym	4-amino-1-naphthol hydrochloride,4-aminonaphthalen-1-ol hydrochloride,1-amino-4-naphthol hydrochloride,1-naphthalenol, 4-amino-, hydrochloride,4-amino-1-naphtholhydrochloride,4-aminonaphthol, chloride,pcmd-cc-pab-253,1-naphthalenol, 4-amino-, hydrochloride 1:1,acmc-1aogt,4-amino-1-naphthol . hcl
IUPAC Name	4-aminonaphthalen-1-ol;hydrochloride
InChI Key	FDBQTRARWCKEJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Molecular Formula	C10H10ClNO

2-Hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde, 98%

CAS: 708-06-5 Molecular Formula: C11H8O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 172.183 MDL Number: MFCD00004005 InChI Key: NTCCNERMXRIPTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde,1-formyl-2-naphthol,2-hydroxy-1-naphthylaldehyde,2-hydroxy-1-napthaldehyde,2-hydroxynaphthaldehyde,2-naphthol 1-carboxaldehyde,2-hydroxy-1-naphthalaldehyde,1-naphthalenecarboxaldehyde, 2-hydroxy,2-hydroxy-1-naphthalenecarboxaldehyde,1-hydroxy-2-naphthalenecarboxaldehyde PubChem CID: 12819 IUPAC Name: 2-hydroxynaphthalene-1-carbaldehyde SMILES: C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C=CC(=C2C=O)O

Pricing and Availability
Specifications

PubChem CID	12819
CAS	708-06-5
Molecular Weight (g/mol)	172.183
MDL Number	MFCD00004005
SMILES	C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C=CC(=C2C=O)O
Synonym	2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde,1-formyl-2-naphthol,2-hydroxy-1-naphthylaldehyde,2-hydroxy-1-napthaldehyde,2-hydroxynaphthaldehyde,2-naphthol 1-carboxaldehyde,2-hydroxy-1-naphthalaldehyde,1-naphthalenecarboxaldehyde, 2-hydroxy,2-hydroxy-1-naphthalenecarboxaldehyde,1-hydroxy-2-naphthalenecarboxaldehyde
IUPAC Name	2-hydroxynaphthalene-1-carbaldehyde
InChI Key	NTCCNERMXRIPTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Molecular Formula	C11H8O2

alpha-Naphtholbenzein

CAS: 145-50-6 Molecular Formula: C27H18O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 374.439 MDL Number: MFCD00078492 InChI Key: VDDWRTZCUJCDJM-PNHLSOANSA-N PubChem CID: 5941340 IUPAC Name: (4Z)-4-[(4-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)-phenylmethylidene]naphthalen-1-one SMILES: C1=CC=C(C=C1)C(=C2C=CC(=O)C3=CC=CC=C23)C4=CC=C(C5=CC=CC=C54)O

Pricing and Availability
Specifications

PubChem CID	5941340
CAS	145-50-6
Molecular Weight (g/mol)	374.439
MDL Number	MFCD00078492
SMILES	C1=CC=C(C=C1)C(=C2C=CC(=O)C3=CC=CC=C23)C4=CC=C(C5=CC=CC=C54)O
IUPAC Name	(4Z)-4-[(4-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)-phenylmethylidene]naphthalen-1-one
InChI Key	VDDWRTZCUJCDJM-PNHLSOANSA-N
Molecular Formula	C27H18O2

3-Hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid hydrazide, 98%

CAS: 5341-58-2 Molecular Formula: C11H10N2O2 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 202.213 MDL Number: MFCD00004097 InChI Key: FDNAQCWUERCJBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: 3-hydroxy-2-naphthohydrazide,3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid hydrazide,2-hydroxy-3-naphthoic acid hydrazide,2-naphthalenecarboxylic acid, 3-hydroxy-, hydrazide,3-hydroxy-2-naphthoylhydrazine,2-hydroxy-3-naphthoylhydrazine,2-naphthoic acid, 3-hydroxy-, hydrazide,3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic hydrazide,beta-hydroxynaphthoic hydrazide,3-???naphthalen-2-ol PubChem CID: 72699 IUPAC Name: 3-hydroxynaphthalene-2-carbohydrazide SMILES: C1=CC=C2C=C(C(=CC2=C1)C(=O)NN)O

Pricing and Availability
Specifications

PubChem CID	72699
CAS	5341-58-2
Molecular Weight (g/mol)	202.213
MDL Number	MFCD00004097
SMILES	C1=CC=C2C=C(C(=CC2=C1)C(=O)NN)O
Synonym	3-hydroxy-2-naphthohydrazide,3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid hydrazide,2-hydroxy-3-naphthoic acid hydrazide,2-naphthalenecarboxylic acid, 3-hydroxy-, hydrazide,3-hydroxy-2-naphthoylhydrazine,2-hydroxy-3-naphthoylhydrazine,2-naphthoic acid, 3-hydroxy-, hydrazide,3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic hydrazide,beta-hydroxynaphthoic hydrazide,3-???naphthalen-2-ol
IUPAC Name	3-hydroxynaphthalene-2-carbohydrazide
InChI Key	FDNAQCWUERCJBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Molecular Formula	C11H10N2O2

Naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid, 98+%

CAS: 1141-38-4 Molecular Formula: C12H8O4 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 216.192 MDL Number: MFCD00004105 InChI Key: RXOHFPCZGPKIRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid,2,6-naphthalic acid,2,6-dicarboxynaphthalene,unii-k3c4dyz29o,2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid,k3c4dyz29o,dsstox_cid_9211,acmc-2099kj,d06kmp,dsstox_rid_78711 PubChem CID: 14357 ChEBI: CHEBI:44460 IUPAC Name: naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid SMILES: C1=CC2=C(C=CC(=C2)C(=O)O)C=C1C(=O)O

Pricing and Availability
Specifications

PubChem CID	14357
CAS	1141-38-4
Molecular Weight (g/mol)	216.192
ChEBI	CHEBI:44460
MDL Number	MFCD00004105
SMILES	C1=CC2=C(C=CC(=C2)C(=O)O)C=C1C(=O)O
Synonym	2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid,2,6-naphthalic acid,2,6-dicarboxynaphthalene,unii-k3c4dyz29o,2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid,k3c4dyz29o,dsstox_cid_9211,acmc-2099kj,d06kmp,dsstox_rid_78711
IUPAC Name	naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid
InChI Key	RXOHFPCZGPKIRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Molecular Formula	C12H8O4

8-Anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid, 95%

CAS: 82-76-8 Molecular Formula: C16H13NO3S Molecular Weight (g/mol): 299.344 MDL Number: MFCD00003998 InChI Key: FWEOQOXTVHGIFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid,phenylperi acid,n-phenyl peri acid,8-phenylamino naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid,1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate,1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonic acid,peri acid, phenyl,1-naphthalenesulfonic acid, 8-phenylamino,1-anilinonaphthalene-8-sulfonic acid,8-anilino-1-naphthalene sulfonic acid PubChem CID: 1369 ChEBI: CHEBI:39708 IUPAC Name: 8-anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid SMILES: C1=CC=C(C=C1)NC2=CC=CC3=C2C(=CC=C3)S(=O)(=O)O

Pricing and Availability
Specifications

PubChem CID	1369
CAS	82-76-8
Molecular Weight (g/mol)	299.344
ChEBI	CHEBI:39708
MDL Number	MFCD00003998
SMILES	C1=CC=C(C=C1)NC2=CC=CC3=C2C(=CC=C3)S(=O)(=O)O
Synonym	8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid,phenylperi acid,n-phenyl peri acid,8-phenylamino naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid,1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate,1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonic acid,peri acid, phenyl,1-naphthalenesulfonic acid, 8-phenylamino,1-anilinonaphthalene-8-sulfonic acid,8-anilino-1-naphthalene sulfonic acid
IUPAC Name	8-anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid
InChI Key	FWEOQOXTVHGIFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Molecular Formula	C16H13NO3S

STO-609, 98%, Thermo Scientific Chemicals

CAS: 52029-86-4 Molecular Formula: C19H10N2O3 Molecular Weight (g/mol): 314.3 MDL Number: MFCD06411456 InChI Key: MYKOWOGZBMOVBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Synonym: 11-oxo-3,10-diazapentacyclo 10.7.1.0 2 , 1 ?.0?,?.0 1 ?, 2 ? icosa-1 20 ,2,4,6,8,12,14,16,18-nonaene-17-carboxylate PubChem CID: 3467590 SMILES: C1=CC=C2C(=C1)N=C3N2C(=O)C4=CC=CC5=C(C=CC3=C54)C(=O)O

Pricing and Availability
Specifications

PubChem CID	3467590
CAS	52029-86-4
Molecular Weight (g/mol)	314.3
MDL Number	MFCD06411456
SMILES	C1=CC=C2C(=C1)N=C3N2C(=O)C4=CC=CC5=C(C=CC3=C54)C(=O)O
Synonym	11-oxo-3,10-diazapentacyclo 10.7.1.0 2 , 1 ?.0?,?.0 1 ?, 2 ? icosa-1 20 ,2,4,6,8,12,14,16,18-nonaene-17-carboxylate
InChI Key	MYKOWOGZBMOVBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Molecular Formula	C19H10N2O3

Naphthalenes

Filtered Search Results

Narrow Results