Invitrogen™ Nivolumab Chimeric Recombinant Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody (5C4.B8 (Nivolumab))

Description

Nivolumab binds to the extracellular portion of human PD-1 (2.6 nM - Scatchard analysis and SPR) - the antibody also binds to cynomolgus PD-1 with a similar affinity (3.9 nM - SPR). The antibody does not bind to other immunoglobulin superfamily proteins such as CD28, CTLA-4, ICOS and BTLA. The epitope of Nivolumab for both human and cynomolgus PD-1 includes the sequences SFVLNWYR-MSPSNQTDKLAAFPEDR (aa 29-53) and SGTYLCGAISLAPKAQIKE (aa 85-103), as shown by mass spectrometry of protease-treated fragments of PD-1 - these residues are thought to additionally be important for liand binding to PD-1. PD-1 is an inhibitory receptor expressed on the surface of T cells. It is able to bind to its ligands PDL-1 and PDL-2 which results in an inhibitory signal leading to decreased T cell proliferation, cytokine protuction and cytotoxic activtiy. PDL-1 is often expressed in human tumors such as melanoma, lung and kidney where it is able to overactivate PD-1 and plays a role in the evasion of cancer cells from the immune system. Preparation: Recombinant human PD-1-Fc protein consisting of the extracellular domain of PD-1 (amino acids 1-167) and the Fc portion of human IgG1, and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells expressing human PD-1. Nivolumab was generated by grafting the variable regions of PD1.5 onto human kappa and IgG4 constant regions containing an S228P mutation (prevents Fab arm exchange with endogenous IgG4 antibodies).

Nivolumab (Opdivo) is a humanized monoclonal antibody that is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma. Nivolumab binds to the human cell surface receptor PD-1 (Programmed Cell Death Protein 1) and blocks its interaction with PD-L1, resulting in the activation of T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells.