Invitrogen™ IL-1 beta Bovine Uncoated ELISA Kit 

Description

The Bovine IL-1beta Uncoated ELISA Kit contains pre-matched antibody pairs and reagents for performing quantitative enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) to detect and quantify protein levels of bovine IL-1beta. Principle of the method ELISAs are designed to measure the amount of the target bound between a matched antibody pair. A target-specific antibody is coated to the bottom of the wells of a microplate, which is an overnight process. Samples, standards, or controls are then added into these wells and bind to the immobilized (capture) antibody. A sandwich is formed by the addition of the second (detector) antibody, a substrate solution is added that reacts with the enzyme-antibody-target complex to produce measurable signal. The intensity of this signal is directly proportional to the concentration of target present in the original specimen.

Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) is a proinflammatory cytokine expressed by monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. IL-1 beta is synthesized in response to inflammatory stimuli as a 31 kDa inactive pro-form that accumulates in the cytosol. Cleavage of pro-IL-1 beta into the active 17 kDa protein requires the activation of inflammasomes, which are multi-protein complexes that respond to pathogens, stress conditions, and other danger signals. Inflammasome activation triggers the processing of the caspase-1 precursor into its active form, which in turn cleaves pro-IL-1 beta. IL-1 beta lacks a signal sequence peptide for classical ER/Golgi pathway and is secreted alongside caspase-1 via an alternate and incompletely understood mechanism. Although IL-1 beta is most often secreted in its active form, secretion of the uncleaved protein may be detectable under some biological conditions. IL-1 beta signals through two receptors, IL-1RI and IL-1RII, both of which are shared with IL-1 alpha. IL-1 beta activity can be moderated by IL-1 Receptor Antagonist (IL-1RA), a protein produced by many cell types that blocks receptor binding through competitive inhibition. IL-1 beta play an important role in innate host defense by triggering the production of other proinflammatory cytokines in target cells and initiating acute-phase responses to infection and injury. Elevated levels of IL-1 beta have been associated with many chronic inflammatory conditions IL-1 beta neutralizing antibodies potential therapeutic value.