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Invitrogen™ Dextran, Fluorescein, 10,000 MW, Anionic, Lysine Fixable (Fluoro-Emerald)
Description
Labeled dextrans are hydrophilic polysaccharides most commonly used in microscopy studies to monitor cell division, track the movement of live cells, and to report the hydrodynamic properties of the cytoplasmic matrix. The labeled dextran is commonly introduced into the cells via microinjection. Dextrans are hydrophilic polysaccharides characterized by their moderate-to-high molecular weight, good water solubility, and low toxicity. They also generally exhibit low immunogeniticy. Dextrans are biologically inert due to their uncommon poly-(α-D-1,6-glucose) linkages, which render them resistant to cleavage by most endogenous cellular glycosidases.
- Succinimidyl coupling of dyes to the dextran molecule, which, in most cases, results in a neutral or anionic dextran
- Suitable for neuronal tracing (anterograde and retrograde) in live cells
- Cell lineage tracing in live cells
- Examining intercellular communications (e.g., in gap junctions, during wound healing, and during embryonic development)
- Investigating vascular permeability and blood-brain barrier integrity; Monitoring acidification (some dextran-dye conjugates are pH-sensitive)
- Studying the hydrodynamic properties of the cytoplasmic matrix
- The fluorescein dextrans are intrinsically anionic, whereas most of the dextrans labeled with zwitterionic rhodamine B, tetramethylrhodamine, and Texas Red™ dyes are essentially neutral
- To produce more highly anionic dextrans, proprietary procedure adds negatively charged groups to the dextran carriers; these products are designated polyanionic dextrans
- Some applications require that dextran tracer be treated with formaldehyde or glutaraldehyde for subsequent analysis: For these applications, lysine-fixable dextran conjugates of fluorophores or biotin
- These dextrans have covalently bound lysine residues that permit dextran tracers to be conjugated to surrounding biomolecules by aldehyde-mediated fixation for subsequent detection by immunohistochemical and ultrastructural techniques
Cell Analysis, Cell Tracing and Tracking, General Cell Tracing, Neuronal Tracing
Order Info
Shipping Condition: Room temperature
Specifications
Specifications
| Product Type | Dextran |
| Quantity | 25 mg |
| Content And Storage | Store in freezer (-5 to -30°C) and protect from light. |
| Label or Dye | Classic Dyes |
| Shipping Condition | Room Temperature |
| Excitation/Emission | 494/521 nm |
| Product Line | Invitrogen |
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
If the tracer you chose is a lipophilic dye and fix with methanol, the lipids are lost with the methanol. If you have to use methanol fixation then choose a tracer that will covalently bind to proteins in the neurons.
Since these dyes insert into lipid membranes, any disruption of the membranes leads to loss of the dye. This includes permeabilization with detergents like Triton X-100 or organic solvents like methanol. Permeabilization is necessary for intracellular antibody labeling, leading to loss of the dye. Instead, a reactive dye such as CFDA SE should be used to allow for covalent attachment to cellular components, thus providing for better retention upon fixation and permeabilization.
DiI is a lipophilic dye that resides mostly in lipids in the cell, when cells are permeabilized with detergent or fixed using alcohol this strips away the lipid and the dye. If permeabilization is required CM-DiI can be used because this binds covalently to proteins in the membrane; some signal is lost upon fixation/permeabilization, but enough signal should be retained to make detection possible.
The solid and crystalline forms of DiI and other related dyes (Cat. Nos. D282, D3911, D7757, and D12731) are sometimes placed in contact with a specific neuron where it will travel down the cell by lateral diffusion via the membrane. Alternatively, our NeuroTrace Tissue Labeling Paste can be scooped onto a needle and placed onto particular neurons.
Please see the information below for a comparison of our neuronal cell labeling methods:
Product:Method of labeling: Labeling intensity: Features
Neuron-specific antibodies: Primary antibodies directed to proteins expressed in neuronal cells: Proportional to the amount of protein expressed: Provides the only neuronal specific labeling method
Lipophilic neuronal ytracers: Hydrophobic dyes are incorporated into lipids in the cell: This labeling method provides the most intense labeling becuase of the abundant amount of lipids: Allows tracing of neurons throughout the sample
Membrane potential indicators: Dyes are loaded into live cells in aqueous buffers: Depends on either changes in structures due to the electrical field they are in, or dye influx due to depolarization: Changes in membrane potential play a central role in physiological processes, including nerve-impulse propagation, muscle contraction, and cell signaling
Please check out this web page (https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/life-science/cell-analysis/cell-tracing-tracking-and-morphology/neuronal-tracing.html) for details.
For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.